Phenol
CAS 108-95-2
EC 203-632-7
Formula C6H6O
MW 94.11 g/mol
Organic Acids Personal Care & CosmeticsFood & NutritionPharmaceuticals & HealthcareTextile, Leather & Paper Antioxidant & StabilizerPreservation & BiocidepH Regulation & Buffering
Description
Phenol (CAS 108-95-2, EC 203-632-7, formula C6H6O) is a hydroxylated aromatic compound also known as benzenol, phenic acid, and oxybenzene, with the common abbreviation PhOH. It carries no assigned E-code and is classified under organic acids. HS code 29071100 applies for customs and trade documentation purposes.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, phenol serves as an antimicrobial preservative in injectable formulations, disrupting microbial cell membranes at low concentrations. In personal care, it functions as an antioxidant stabilizer in hair dye systems, inhibiting oxidative degradation of colorant intermediates. The food and textile industries also apply it as a preservative and process chemical.
Phenol is available in technical, pharmaceutical (Ph.Eur.), and food-contact grades. It is subject to REACH registration requirements within the EU and must be handled under applicable CLP hazard classifications. Standard packaging includes drums and IBCs; liquefied grades are supplied where water content is controlled to approximately 8%.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, phenol serves as an antimicrobial preservative in injectable formulations, disrupting microbial cell membranes at low concentrations. In personal care, it functions as an antioxidant stabilizer in hair dye systems, inhibiting oxidative degradation of colorant intermediates. The food and textile industries also apply it as a preservative and process chemical.
Phenol is available in technical, pharmaceutical (Ph.Eur.), and food-contact grades. It is subject to REACH registration requirements within the EU and must be handled under applicable CLP hazard classifications. Standard packaging includes drums and IBCs; liquefied grades are supplied where water content is controlled to approximately 8%.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 40.91 °C |
| Boiling Point | 181.75 °C @ Press: 760.0 Torr |
| Density | 1.071 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 175 °F |
| Appearance | Phenol is a colorless to light-pink, crystalline solid. Sweet, acrid odor. Phenol liquefies by mixing with about 8% water. The Odor Threshold in air is 0.04 ppm and in water is 7.9 ppm. |
| Color | faintly yellow |
| Odor | Sweet, medicinal odor detectable at 0.06 ppm |
| Form | liquid |
| Water Solubility | 8 g/100 mL |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.09 psi ( 55 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.53 |
| pH | 3.0-6.0 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O) |
| Log P | 1.47 at 30℃ |
Safety & Handling (Learn More)
Danger GHS05 GHS06 GHS08 GHS09 GHS07
H
H301H302H311H314H318H331H340H341H360H370H372H373H401H411H412
P
P203P260P261P262P264P270P271P273P280P316P317P318P319P321P330P363P391P405P501P264+P265P301+P316P301+P317P302+P352P304+P340P308+P316P361+P364P403+P233P301+P330+P331P302+P361+P354P305+P354+P338
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29071100 |
| UN Number | 2821 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 2 |
Other Names
IPHPHOHIZALBENZENOLBIOPHENOLOxybenzenePhenic acidPhenylic acid
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Raw Materials
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