Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, commonly known as Tris base, THAM, Trometamol, or Trisamine (CAS 77-86-1), is a primary amine compound that acts as a proton acceptor in aqueous systems. It carries no E-code designation. Its high water solubility and pKa of approximately 8.1 make it effective across physiologically relevant pH ranges.

In pharmaceutical manufacturing, Trometamol neutralises acidic drug formulations and stabilises injectable solutions without introducing sodium ions, making it the preferred alkalising agent in sodium-restricted formulations. In biotechnology, it forms the backbone of TAE and TBE electrophoresis buffers, maintaining stable pH during nucleic acid separation. Personal care formulators use it to adjust pH in emulsions while contributing mild antimicrobial activity.

Tris base is available in pharmaceutical grade (Ph.Eur., USP/NF) and biotechnology grade, supplied as a white crystalline solid. The substance is registered under REACH. Standard packaging includes 25 kg fibre drums, with smaller quantities available for laboratory procurement.