1,4-dioxane
Description
1,4-Dioxane (CAS 123-91-1) is a cyclic ether solvent used across chemical manufacturing, laboratory research, and industrial processing. It functions as a high-solvency carrier for resins and cellulose derivatives.
This versatile compound is effective for a broad range of organic compounds where other solvents underperform. In pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis, it serves as a reaction solvent and extraction medium.
It is particularly useful in processes requiring miscibility with both water and organic phases. Personal care manufacturers monitor it as a trace contaminant in ethoxylated ingredients for safety.
The chemical acts as a reference standard for quality control and regulatory compliance testing. In laboratory settings, it is used as a scintillation solvent and as a stabilizer carrier.
It is also utilized in analytical-grade preparations for various research applications. Food and fragrance applications involve its use as a trace flavoring reference compound for testing.
Despite these niche uses, its primary commercial demand remains in industrial solvent and synthesis roles. The product is supplied as a colorless liquid in drums and bulk containers.
Standard grades include technical, reagent, and HPLC-grade, with anhydrous specifications available. These are ideal for moisture-sensitive synthesis applications in controlled environments.
Stabilized and unstabilized variants are both commercially available for purchase. Grade selection is typically driven by specific end-use process requirements and stability needs.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 11.80 °C |
| Boiling Point | 101.1 °C @ Press: 760 Torr |
| Density | 1.0337 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 54 °F |
| Appearance | colourless liquid |
| Color | APHA: ≤20 |
| Odor | Mild ether-like odor detectable at 0.8 to 172 ppm (mean = 12 ppm) |
| Form | Solution |
| Water Solubility | SOLUBLE |
| Vapor Pressure | 27 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.422(lit.) |
| pH | 6-8 (500g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | -0.42 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling (Learn More)
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29329900 |
| UN Number | 1993 |
| ADR Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 3 |
Documentation
Other Names
tetrahydro-para-dioxin|tetrahydro-p-dioxin|tetrahydro-1,4-dioxin|p-Dioxane|glycol ethylene ether|dioxane-1,4|Dioxan|Diethylene ether
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