Water
Description
Water (CAS 7732-18-5), also supplied as purified water or distilled water, is the foundational solvent and carrier medium across virtually every manufacturing and processing industry.
It dissolves, dilutes, suspends, and transports active ingredients in formulations ranging from pharmaceutical preparations to industrial cleaning concentrates used in various sectors.
In pharmaceutical and nutraceutical manufacturing, purified water meets strict compendial standards as a process solvent, excipient diluent, and equipment rinse medium for high-level production.
Food and beverage producers use it as a direct ingredient, process water, and carrier for flavors, colorants, and functional additives to ensure consistent product quality and safety.
Industrial and household cleaning formulations rely on water as the primary carrier to deliver surfactants, builders, and disinfectants at specific working concentrations for effective use.
Water treatment operations consume large volumes for diluting treatment chemicals, preparing dosing solutions, and calibrating analytical systems to maintain strict environmental compliance.
Supplied as a liquid in bulk tankers, IBCs, and drums, with grades ranging from technical and demineralized to food-grade and compendial specifications for diverse industrial applications.
Purified water and distilled water grades are produced to USP, Ph. Eur., and BP monographs, with conductivity and total organic carbon limits defining suitability for pharmaceutical use.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 0 °C |
| Boiling Point | 100 °C |
| Density | 1.3019 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 100°C |
| Appearance | colourless liquid |
| Color | colorless |
| Odor | at 100.00?%. odorless |
| Form | powder |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water. Insoluble in polar liquids. |
| Vapor Pressure | 3 mm Hg ( 37 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.34(lit.) |
| pH | 14 (H2O, 20°C) |
| Log P | -1.380 (est) |
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 28530010 |
| Storage Class | 12 - Non Combustible Liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | nwg |
Documentation
Other Names
Distilled water|Dihydrogen oxide|Purified water|Sterile water|Water vapor|Water, deionized|aqua|oxidane
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