Deuterium oxide

CAS Number
7789-20-0
EC Number
232-148-9

What is Deuterium oxide?

Deuterium oxide (CAS 7789-20-0), commonly known as heavy water or D₂O, is the isotopically enriched form of water in which hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium.

Where is Deuterium oxide used?

  • Research and industry: solvent and isotopic tracer
  • NMR spectroscopy: reference solvent that suppresses background signals for structural analysis of pharmaceutical compounds and biologics
  • Semiconductor and electronics: specialized etching and deposition processes where isotopic purity affects process control
  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing: isotope labeling studies and stable isotope-tagged API synthesis
  • Life science researchers trace biochemical pathways in cell culture and metabolic flux studies without radioactive materials.

Good to know: Isotopic purity typically ranges from 99.8% to 99.96% atom % D depending on intended use; NMR-grade and analytical-grade specifications are the most commonly stocked, and pharmaceutical-grade material is available under GMP conditions.

Commercial specifications

  • Isotopic purity: 99.8% to 99.96% atom % D
  • NMR-grade and analytical-grade specifications
  • Packaging from small ampoules to bulk quantities

Other Names (Synonyms)

dideuterium monoxide|D₂O|Heavy water|Deuterated water|Water-d2|Dideuterium oxide|Heavy water (D2O)|Water-d sub(2)

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What are the physical properties of Deuterium oxide?

Melting Point 3.81 °C
Boiling Point 101.42 °C
Density 1.107 g/cm³
Flash Point 101.4°C
Appearance colourless liquid
Color Colorless
Form Liquid
Water Solubility Miscible with water.
Vapor Pressure 27.464hPa at 25℃
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.328(lit.)
pH 7 (H2O, 20℃)

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Deuterium oxide?

HS Code 28451000
Storage Class 12 - Non Combustible Liquids
WGK (Germany) 3
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