Glyoxal

CAS Number
107-22-2
EC Number
203-474-9

What is Glyoxal?

Glyoxal (CAS 107-22-2), also known as oxal, is a dialdehyde compound used industrially as a crosslinking agent, biocide, and chemical intermediate.

Where is Glyoxal used?

  • Textile and paper: crosslinks cellulose fibers for wrinkle resistance and wet strength
  • Leather processing: tanning auxiliary and fixative that improves fiber structure and dimensional stability in hides
  • Water treatment: biocide active controlling microbial growth in industrial cooling systems
  • Printing and packaging: binder crosslinker in coatings, improving water resistance and ink adhesion on paper and board
  • Its reactivity with hydroxyl, amine, and amide groups insolubilizes and stabilizes substrates in wet and dry processing.

Commercial specifications

  • Aqueous solution, most commonly 40% concentration
  • 30% grades available
  • Pharmaceutical and specialty grades with tighter purity specifications for regulated applications

Other Names (Synonyms)

oxal|glyoxal aldehyde|Glioksal|Ethane-1,2-dione|ethane-1,2-dial|Diformyl|Diformal|Biformyl

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What are the physical properties of Glyoxal?

Melting Point 15 °C
Boiling Point 51 °C @ Press: 776 Torr
Density 1.14 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C
Flash Point 104°C
Appearance colourless or light yellow liquid
Color Clear colorless to yellow
Odor yel. crystals or lt. yel. liq., mild odor
Form Liquid
Water Solubility miscible
Vapor Pressure 18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.409
pH 2-3 (20°C in H2O)
Log P -1.15 at 20℃

How is Glyoxal classified and handled safely? Learn More

Warning
GHS07· Irritant GHS08· Health Hazard GHS06· Toxic

Hazard Statements

H301 Toxic if swallowed
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H315 Causes skin irritation
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction

Precautionary Statements

P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Glyoxal?

HS Code 29121900
UN Number 1760
WGK (Germany) 1
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