Glyoxylic acid monohydrate

CAS Number
563-96-2
EC Number
679-230-4

What is Glyoxylic acid monohydrate?

Glyoxylic acid monohydrate (CAS 563-96-2), also known as formylformic acid, is a bifunctional organic acid.

Where is Glyoxylic acid monohydrate used?

  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing: intermediate in synthesis of active ingredients, including amino acids such as D,L-mandelic acid and vanillin precursors
  • Hair care: active agent in keratin-based straightening treatments, crosslinking hair proteins under heat to reshape fiber structure
  • Textile and paper processing: fixative and crosslinking agent that improves dimensional stability and wet strength for cellulose-based substrates
  • Water treatment: chelating capacity to sequester metal ions
  • It serves as a direct replacement for formaldehyde in professional salon products.

Commercial specifications

  • Aqueous solution, most commonly at 50% concentration
  • Packaging ranges from drums to IBC containers depending on volume requirements

Other Names (Synonyms)

Oxoethanoic acid|Formylformic acid|Dihydroxyacetic acid|Acetic acid, 2,2-dihydroxy-|Acetic acid, dihydroxy-|2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid|Acetic acid, oxo-, monohydrate|Glyoxylic acid hydrate

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What are the physical properties of Glyoxylic acid monohydrate?

Melting Point 98 °C
Boiling Point 129-130 °C
Density 1.70 g/cm³
Flash Point >230 °F
Appearance white to light yellow crystalline powder or chunks
Color White to light yellow
Form Liquid
Water Solubility Freely soluble
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.414

How is Glyoxylic acid monohydrate classified and handled safely? Learn More

Danger
GHS05· Corrosive GHS07· Irritant

Hazard Statements

H314 H314
H317 H317
H318 H318

Precautionary Statements

P260 P260
P261 P261
P264 P264
P272 P272

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Glyoxylic acid monohydrate?

HS Code 29183000
UN Number 3265
ADR Class 8
Packing Group II
Storage Class 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
WGK (Germany) 1
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