Indole
Description
Indole (CAS 120-72-9), also known as 2,3-Benzopyrrole, is a naturally occurring heterocyclic compound sourced from coal tar or produced synthetically for commercial supply. At low concentrations it delivers a floral, jasmine-like character.
At higher concentrations it contributes animalic, fecal notes, a dual profile that fragrance and flavor houses actively seek. FEMA 2593 status confirms its recognized standing as a flavoring substance in regulated markets.
In fine fragrance and personal care formulations, Indole anchors jasmine, tuberose, and white floral accords. Its odor duality adds naturalistic depth that synthetic alternatives struggle to replicate for high-end perfumery.
Flavor manufacturers use it at trace levels in coffee, tobacco, and fruit flavor systems to introduce complexity aligned with naturally occurring profiles. It is essential for creating authentic sensory experiences in food products.
In the printing and packaging sector, it serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of certain dyes and pigments, particularly indigo-related colorants. This versatility makes it a staple in industrial chemical manufacturing.
Research and specialty chemical producers also consume Indole as a building block for pharmaceutical intermediates and agrochemical synthesis. It is supplied as a white to light tan crystalline solid for various uses.
Standard commercial grades include technical and fragrance/flavor-grade material, with purity typically ranging from 98% to 99%+ for flavor and fragrance applications. This ensures consistency across different production batches.
Packaging ranges from small drums to bulk quantities to accommodate both specialty formulators and larger industrial buyers. We ensure all materials meet rigorous industry requirements for safety and performance.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 52 °C |
| Boiling Point | 128-133 °C @ Press: 28 Torr |
| Density | 1 x 10<sup>-6</sup> g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C |
| Flash Point | >230 °F |
| Appearance | white crystals with an unpleasant odour |
| Color | White to slightly pink |
| Odor | fecal odor, floral in high dilution |
| Form | Crystalline Powder |
| Water Solubility | 2.80 g/L (25 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.016 hPa (25 °C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.6300 |
| pH | 5.9 (1000g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Log P | 2.14-2.24 |
Safety & Handling (Learn More)
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29339900 |
| UN Number | 2811 |
| ADR Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Storage Class | 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Documentation
Other Names
indol|1H-Indole|2,3-Benzopyrrole|1-Benzazole|Ketole|1-Azaindene
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