Triethyl orthoformate
Description
Triethyl orthoformate (CAS 122-51-0), also known as ethyl orthoformate and abbreviated as TEOF, is a reactive intermediate used across pharmaceutical synthesis, agrochemical manufacturing, and specialty chemical production.
It functions primarily as a protecting group reagent, alkylating agent, and condensation reagent in multi-step organic synthesis. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, TEOF is used to introduce orthoester functionality.
This occurs during the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, particularly in the production of antimicrobials and antiviral compounds. Printing ink and coating formulators use it as a crosslinking agent.
It also serves as a moisture scavenger to improve film stability and shelf life in moisture-sensitive systems. In flavor and fragrance applications, it contributes to the synthesis of aroma compounds.
Controlled reactivity under mild conditions is commercially valuable for these applications. Personal care formulators incorporate it as a preservative booster and intermediate in the preparation of conditioning actives.
Triethyl orthoformate is supplied as a clear liquid in standard packaging ranging from drums to ISO containers for bulk procurement. It is available in technical and high-purity grades for industrial use.
Pharmaceutical-grade material meets specifications relevant to GMP manufacturing environments. Purity levels of 98% and above are standard for synthesis-grade supply across global chemical distribution networks.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | -76 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling Point | 143 °C |
| Density | 0.8870 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C |
| Flash Point | 86 °F |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid; pungent odor. Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether; decomposes in water. |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Form | Liquid |
| Water Solubility | 1.35 g/L |
| Vapor Pressure | 2.9 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive Index | n 20/D 1.391(lit.) |
| Log P | 1.2 at 20℃ |
Safety & Handling (Learn More)
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29159080 |
| UN Number | 2524 |
| ADR Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Documentation
Other Names
ETHYL ORTHOFORMATE|Aethon|Orthoformic acid triethyl ester|Methane, triethoxy-|Ethane, 1,1',1''-[methylidynetris(oxy)]tris-|Ethyl formate(ortho)|Orthomravencan ethylnaty|1,1′,1′′-[Methylidynetris(oxy)]tris[ethane]|TEOF
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