Triethyl orthoformate

CAS Number
122-51-0
EC Number
204-550-4
Abbreviation
TEOF

What is Triethyl orthoformate?

Triethyl orthoformate (CAS 122-51-0), also known as ethyl orthoformate and abbreviated as TEOF, is a reactive intermediate.

Where is Triethyl orthoformate used?

  • Pharmaceutical synthesis: protecting group reagent, alkylating agent and condensation reagent in multi-step organic synthesis
  • Agrochemical manufacturing: introduction of orthoester functionality during synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, particularly antimicrobials and antiviral compounds
  • Printing inks and coatings: crosslinking agent and moisture scavenger that improves film stability and shelf life in moisture-sensitive systems
  • Flavour and fragrance: synthesis of aroma compounds
  • Personal care: preservative booster and intermediate in the preparation of conditioning actives

Commercial specifications

  • Purity levels of 98% and above are standard for synthesis-grade supply
  • Technical and high-purity grades; pharmaceutical-grade material meets specifications relevant to GMP manufacturing environments
  • Clear liquid in standard packaging ranging from drums to ISO containers for bulk procurement

Other Names (Synonyms)

ETHYL ORTHOFORMATE|Aethon|Orthoformic acid triethyl ester|Methane, triethoxy-|Ethane, 1,1',1''-[methylidynetris(oxy)]tris-|Ethyl formate(ortho)|Orthomravencan ethylnaty|1,1′,1′′-[Methylidynetris(oxy)]tris[ethane]|TEOF

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What are the physical properties of Triethyl orthoformate?

Melting Point -76 °C (lit.)
Boiling Point 143 °C
Density 0.8870 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C
Flash Point 86 °F
Appearance Colorless liquid; pungent odor. Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether; decomposes in water.
Color Clear colorless
Form Liquid
Water Solubility 1.35 g/L
Vapor Pressure 2.9 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.391(lit.)
Log P 1.2 at 20℃

How is Triethyl orthoformate classified and handled safely? Learn More

Warning
GHS02· Flammable GHS07· Irritant

Hazard Statements

H226 Flammable liquid and vapor
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H332 Harmful if inhaled

Precautionary Statements

P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Triethyl orthoformate?

HS Code 29159080
UN Number 2524
ADR Class 3
Packing Group III
Storage Class 3 - Flammable liquids
WGK (Germany) 1
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