Benzonitrile

CAS Number
100-47-0
EC Number
202-855-7

What is Benzonitrile?

Benzonitrile (CAS 100-47-0), also known as phenyl cyanide, is an aromatic nitrile solvent and chemical intermediate.

Where is Benzonitrile used?

  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing: key intermediate in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients
  • Flavor and fragrance: precursor to benzylamine derivatives and aromatic aroma compounds
  • Catalyst development: ligand precursor and stabilizing agent in transition metal catalyst systems, including palladium-based catalysts
  • Specialty chemicals: solvent in electrochemical applications and high-polarity reaction media
  • In multi-step organic synthesis it serves as a reactive building block and polar aprotic solvent.

Good to know: Often used where conventional solvents are unsuitable for specific chemical reactions. Buyers sourcing for regulated end uses should confirm purity certificates and residual impurity profiles with suppliers.

Commercial specifications

  • High-purity grades of 99% or greater for pharmaceutical and catalyst applications
  • Clear liquid in laboratory quantities, bulk drums and IBC containers

Other Names (Synonyms)

C6H5-CN|benzoic acid nitrile|Phenyl cyanide|Benzene, cyano-

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What are the physical properties of Benzonitrile?

Melting Point -13.1 °C
Boiling Point 190.7 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Density 1.010 g/cm³ @ Temp: 15 °C
Flash Point 161 °F
Appearance Bezonitrile is a colorless, oily liquid. It has an almond odor.
Color Clear colorless to slightly yellow
Odor Almond-like.
Form Liquid
Water Solubility 10 g/L (100 ºC)
Vapor Pressure 1 hPa at 20 °C
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.528(lit.)
Log P 1.5 at 20℃

How is Benzonitrile classified and handled safely? Learn More

Warning
GHS07· Irritant GHS06· Toxic GHS08· Health Hazard

Hazard Statements

H227 Combustible liquid
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H312 Harmful in contact with skin
H315 Causes skin irritation

Precautionary Statements

P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling.

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Benzonitrile?

HS Code 29269090
UN Number 2224
ADR Class 6.1
Packing Group II
Storage Class 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 very toxic hazardous materials
WGK (Germany) 2
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