Acetonitrile

CAS Number
75-05-8
EC Number
200-835-2
Chemical Formula
C2H3N
Molecular Weight
41.05 g/mol
Abbreviation
ACN

Description

Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8), also known commercially as ACN or methyl cyanide, is a high-purity polar aprotic solvent used across pharmaceutical manufacturing, analytical chemistry, and industrial synthesis. Its low viscosity and miscibility with water make it the dominant solvent choice in HPLC and LC-MS workflows globally. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, ACN serves as a reaction solvent and purification medium.

It is used for active pharmaceutical ingredients, particularly in peptide synthesis and chromatographic separation at scale. Life science and biotech laboratories rely on it as the primary mobile phase solvent. In reversed-phase HPLC, consistent purity directly impacts analytical reproducibility and regulatory compliance. Agrochemical producers use ACN as a solvent in the synthesis and formulation of pesticide intermediates.

Its solvating power supports high-yield reaction conditions. In printing and packaging, it functions as a solvent carrier in specialty ink and dye formulations requiring fast evaporation and clean substrate adhesion. Acetonitrile is supplied as a clear liquid in drums, IBCs, and bulk tanker quantities. HPLC-grade and LC-MS-grade are the most commercially demanded specifications for high-end laboratory use.

Technical-grade is available for industrial synthesis applications. Gradient-grade variants meeting stringent UV absorbance cutoffs are standard for analytical supply channels and quality control.

Other Names (Synonyms)

methyl cyanide|ethyl nitrile|ACN|Methane, cyano-|Cyanure de methyl|Cyanomethane.

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
  • Global Logistics Network enabled

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Physical Properties

Melting Point -45 °C
Boiling Point 81.6 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Density 0.78745 g/cm³ @ Temp: 15 °C
Flash Point 48 °F
Appearance Acetonitrile is an extremely flammable, colorless liquid with an ethereal odor
Color <10(APHA)
Odor Aromatic ether-like odor detectable at 40 ppm
Form liquid
Water Solubility miscible
Vapor Pressure 72.8 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.344(lit.)
Log P -0.340

Documentation

Safety & Handling Learn More

Danger
GHS02· Flammable GHS07· Irritant GHS06· Toxic GHS08· Health Hazard GHS05· Corrosive

Hazard Statements

H225 Highly Flammable liquid and vapor
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H303 May be harmful if swallowed
H311 Toxic in contact with skin

Precautionary Statements

P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use.
P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code 29269095
UN Number 1993
ADR Class 3
Packing Group III
WGK (Germany) 2
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