Phosphorus pentoxide

CAS Number
1314-56-3
EC Number
215-236-1
Abbreviation
P2O5

What is Phosphorus pentoxide?

Phosphorus pentoxide (CAS 1314-56-3), also known as P2O5 or phosphoric anhydride, is a powerful desiccating and dehydrating agent.

Where is Phosphorus pentoxide used?

  • Pharmaceutical synthesis: cyclization and dehydration reagent for APIs where controlled water removal is essential to reaction yield
  • Semiconductors and electronics: phosphorus diffusion source to dope silicon wafers, influencing conductivity profiles in chip fabrication
  • Agrochemicals: precursor in synthesizing phosphate-based fertilizers and crop protection compounds
  • Catalysts: preparation of solid acid catalysts for petroleum refining and petrochemical processing
  • It reacts aggressively with water and moisture-bearing compounds, driving dehydration reactions and producing phosphoric acid intermediates at scale.

Good to know: Hygroscopic; packaging in moisture-sealed drums or multi-layer bags prevents premature hydration during storage.

Commercial specifications

  • High-purity grades meeting pharmaceutical and electronics specifications

Other Names (Synonyms)

phosphorus(V) oxide|phosphoric anhydride|P4O10|diphosphorus pentoxide|(P2O5)2|Phosphorus (V) pentoxide|diphosphonate(2-)|Phosphorus oxide (P2O5)|P2O5

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What are the physical properties of Phosphorus pentoxide?

Melting Point 360 °C (sublm)
Boiling Point 514 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Density 2.30 g/cm³
Flash Point 340-360°C
Appearance Phosphorus pentoxide is a white crystalline solid.
Color White
Odor Pungent odour
Form Very Deliquescing Powder
Water Solubility Soluble in sulfuric acid. Insoluble in acetone and ammonia. Decomposes in water.
Vapor Pressure 1 mm Hg ( 384 °C)
Refractive Index 1.433-1.436
pH 1 (5g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Phosphorus pentoxide?

HS Code 28091000
UN Number 1807
ADR Class 8
Packing Group II
Storage Class 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
WGK (Germany) 1
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