2-pyrrolidone

CAS Number
616-45-5
EC Number
210-483-1
Chemical Formula
C4H7NO
Molecular Weight
85.10 g/mol
FEMA Number
FEMA 4829

Description

2-Pyrrolidone (CAS 616-45-5) is a cyclic lactam used across industrial and specialty chemical markets as a solvent, monomer, and functional additive. It serves as a direct precursor to polyvinylpyrrolidone and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other N-substituted pyrrolidones. Buyers source it primarily for polymer production, ink formulation, and personal care applications. In inkjet and printing ink systems, it functions as a co-solvent and humectant that controls drying rate and prevents nozzle clogging in aqueous formulations.

It acts as a key monomer and building block in the manufacture of PVP and related polymers used in pharmaceutical binders, adhesives, and coatings. Personal care formulators incorporate it as a humectant and penetration enhancer in skin and hair care products. In electronics manufacturing, it is used as a processing solvent for polymer films and specialty coatings where low residue and compatibility with sensitive substrates matter. This versatility makes it a staple in high-performance chemical manufacturing.

2-Pyrrolidone is supplied as a colorless to pale yellow liquid in drum and IBC quantities. Technical grade and high-purity grades are the standard commercial offerings, with pharmaceutical-grade material available to meet USP and Ph. Eur. specifications. Packaging options typically range from small containers for specialty applications to bulk tanker supply for polymer production. Reliable logistics ensure that the product maintains its chemical integrity during transport and storage for industrial use.

Other Names (Synonyms)

Pyrrolidone-2|Pyrrolidin-2-one|N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone|gamma-butyrolactam|gamma-aminobutyric lactam|gamma-aminobutyric acid lactam|Aminobutyric lactam|Aminobutyric acid lactam

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
  • Global Logistics Network enabled

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Physical Properties

Melting Point 25.0 °C
Boiling Point 76 °C @ Press: 0.2 Torr
Density 1.116 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C
Flash Point >230 °F
Appearance Clear colorless to pale yellow liquid or
Color Clear colorless to pale yellow
Form Liquid or Low Melting Mass
Water Solubility miscible
Vapor Pressure 0.04 hPa (20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.487(lit.)
pH 9-11 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Log P -0.71 at 20℃

Safety & Handling (Learn More)

Danger
GHS05· Corrosive GHS07· Irritant GHS08· Health Hazard

Hazard Statements

H315 Causes skin irritation
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child

Precautionary Statements

P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P317 Get emergency medical help.
P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
P319 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label).
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
P264+P265 Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P332+P317 Get emergency medical help.
P337+P317 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help.
P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code 29339980
Storage Class 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
WGK (Germany) 1

Documentation

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