2-pyrrolidone

CAS Number
616-45-5
EC Number
210-483-1
FEMA Number
FEMA 4829

What is 2-pyrrolidone?

2-Pyrrolidone (CAS 616-45-5) is a cyclic lactam used as a solvent, monomer, and functional additive.

Where is 2-pyrrolidone used?

  • Polymer production: direct precursor to polyvinylpyrrolidone and intermediate in the synthesis of other N-substituted pyrrolidones
  • Inks: co-solvent and humectant that controls drying rate and prevents nozzle clogging in aqueous inkjet and printing ink systems
  • Pharmaceutical binders, adhesives, and coatings: monomer and building block in the manufacture of PVP and related polymers
  • Personal care: humectant and penetration enhancer in skin and hair care products
  • Electronics manufacturing: processing solvent for polymer films and specialty coatings where low residue and compatibility with sensitive substrates matter

Good to know: Technical grade and high-purity grades are the standard commercial offerings, with pharmaceutical-grade material available to meet USP and Ph. Eur. specifications.

Commercial specifications

  • Drum and IBC quantities
  • Packaging from small containers to bulk tanker supply

Other Names (Synonyms)

Pyrrolidone-2|Pyrrolidin-2-one|N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone|gamma-butyrolactam|gamma-aminobutyric lactam|gamma-aminobutyric acid lactam|Aminobutyric lactam|Aminobutyric acid lactam

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What are the physical properties of 2-pyrrolidone?

Melting Point 25.0 °C
Boiling Point 76 °C @ Press: 0.2 Torr
Density 1.116 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C
Flash Point >230 °F
Appearance Clear colorless to pale yellow liquid or
Color Clear colorless to pale yellow
Form Liquid or Low Melting Mass
Water Solubility miscible
Vapor Pressure 0.04 hPa (20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.487(lit.)
pH 9-11 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Log P -0.71 at 20℃

How is 2-pyrrolidone classified and handled safely? Learn More

Danger
GHS05· Corrosive GHS07· Irritant GHS08· Health Hazard

Hazard Statements

H315 Causes skin irritation
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child

Precautionary Statements

P203 Obtain, consult and follow expert instructions for use.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

Which trade and regulatory codes apply to 2-pyrrolidone?

HS Code 29339980
Storage Class 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
WGK (Germany) 1
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