Salicylic acid
Description
Salicylic acid (CAS 69-72-7) is an organic acid used across pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications primarily for its preservative, keratolytic, and stabilizing functions. FEMA 3985 status supports its use as a flavoring agent in regulated food contexts.
Procurement interest centers on its dual role as both an active ingredient and a functional additive. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, it serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of aspirin and as an active in topical acne treatments.
Cosmetic formulators incorporate it into exfoliating cleansers, anti-dandruff shampoos, and peeling agents where controlled keratolytic action is required. It is valued for its ability to penetrate pores and improve skin texture effectively.
Food and beverage producers reference its flavoring designation for applications, particularly in small-quantity use within regulated formulations. It also functions as a preservative in certain topical and industrial preparations where microbial control is needed.
The material is supplied as a white crystalline powder in both pharmaceutical and technical grades. USP, BP, and Ph. Eur. grades are standard for regulated pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications to ensure purity.
Technical grade is available for industrial and intermediate synthesis use where compendial certification is not required. This grade offers a cost-effective solution for large-scale manufacturing and chemical processing requirements.
Physical Properties
| Melting Point | 157-159 °C |
| Boiling Point | ~211 °C (approx) @ Press: 20 Torr |
| Density | 1.443 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 157 °C |
| Appearance | Salicylic acid is a white to tan crystalline solid; needles. |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. faint phenolic nutty |
| Form | Solid |
| Water Solubility | 1.8 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Vapor Pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 114 °C) |
| Refractive Index | 1,565 |
| pH | 2.4 (H2O)(saturated solution) |
| Log P | 2.01 |
Safety & Handling (Learn More)
Trade & Regulatory
| HS Code | 29182100 |
| UN Number | 1648 |
| ADR Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| WGK (Germany) | 1 |
Documentation
Other Names
phenol-2-carboxylic acid|o-hydroxybenzoic acid|o-carboxyphenol|2-hydroxybenzoic acid|2-hydroxybenzenecarboxylic acid|2-carboxyphenol|Retarder W|Rutranex
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