Propyl gallate

Propyl gallate (CAS 121-79-9), also known as E310 and abbreviated as PG, is a synthetic antioxidant used across food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic manufacturing. It prevents oxidative degradation in fats, oils, and lipid-containing formulations. This additive is essential for extending shelf life and protecting product quality in various industrial sectors. In food production, PG is approved under its E number and applied to edible fats, oils, margarine, and snack foods.

Its primary function is to inhibit rancidity during processing and storage, ensuring consumer safety and taste. Pharmaceutical manufacturers incorporate it into oral and topical dosage forms to stabilize lipid excipients. It is particularly effective for active ingredients susceptible to oxidation in medical formulations. Cosmetic and personal care formulators use it in creams, lotions, and lip products where it protects emollient oils from deterioration.

The compound also functions as a stabilizer in flavor and fragrance concentrates. In these applications, oxidative breakdown would compromise sensory performance and the overall quality of the final consumer product. Propyl gallate is supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder for easy handling. Standard grades include food-grade meeting FCC specifications, as well as USP and Ph.Eur. grades for pharmaceutical applications.

Technical-grade material is also available for industrial antioxidant applications outside regulated food and pharma supply chains. This ensures a versatile range of options for manufacturers across different global markets.