Organic Acids
REACH
Gallic acid
CAS Number
149-91-7
EC Number
205-749-9
What is Gallic acid?
Gallic acid (CAS 149-91-7) is a natural polyphenolic organic acid derived primarily from tannin-rich plant sources such as gallnuts and tea. Also known as pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid.
Where is Gallic acid used?
- Pharmaceutical manufacturing: intermediate in the synthesis of trimethoprim and propyl gallate
- Food: shelf-life extension of lipid-containing products by inhibiting oxidative rancidity in edible oils, packaged snacks, and meat-based formulations
- Cosmetics and personal care: sunscreen and anti-aging products
- Topical preparations: preservative and astringent active targeting skin tone and texture
- It functions as an antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, and UV stabilizer.
Good to know: Propyl gallate is a widely regulated antioxidant for fats and oils. Grades often meet USP, FCC, or Ph. Eur. requirements.
Commercial specifications
- Standard grades: food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade, purity typically 98% or higher
Other Names (Synonyms)
pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid|3,4,5-Trihydroxy-Benzoic acid|3,4,5-Trihydroxy-Benzoate|Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-|Gallic acid, tech.|Kyselina gallova
What are the physical properties of Gallic acid?
Melting Point 210 °C (sublm)
Boiling Point 259.73°C (rough estimate)
Density 169 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C
Appearance white powder
Color Off-white
Form Powder
Water Solubility 12 g/L cold water
Vapor Pressure 0Pa at 25℃
Refractive Index 1.5690 (estimate)
pH 3.75(1 mM solution);3.22(10 mM solution);2.71(100 mM solution)
Log P 0.7
How is Gallic acid classified and handled safely? Learn More
Danger
GHS05· Corrosive GHS07· Irritant
Hazard Statements
H315 Causes skin irritation
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Which trade and regulatory codes apply to Gallic acid?
HS Code 29182900
WGK (Germany) 2