Isobutyric acid

CAS Number
79-31-2
EC Number
201-195-7
Chemical Formula
C4H8O2
Molecular Weight
88.11 g/mol
FEMA Number
FEMA 2222

Description

Isobutyric acid (CAS 79-31-2), also known as isobutanoic acid, is a short-chain branched carboxylic acid used across food, fragrance, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It functions primarily as a chemical intermediate and flavoring agent. The compound is identified by FEMA 2222 and serves as a pH regulator in industrial and specialty formulations. In flavor and fragrance production, it serves as a precursor to isobutyrate esters.

These compounds deliver fruity, cheesy, and buttery notes in food products and perfumery. Pharmaceutical manufacturers use it as a synthetic intermediate in the production of active ingredients and excipients. It is particularly useful for applications requiring branched-chain acid building blocks. In personal care formulations, isobutyrate derivatives contribute to fragrance profiles in lotions and shampoos.

The acid also functions as a catalyst precursor and pH-adjusting agent in specialty chemical synthesis and fermentation processes. It is supplied as a colorless liquid in drum, IBC, and bulk quantities. Food-grade material meeting FCC specifications is available for flavor and food additive applications. Technical-grade material is offered for industrial synthesis and non-food uses.

Other Names (Synonyms)

isopropylformic acid|isobutanoic acid|iso-C3H7COOH|i-butyric acid|alpha-methylpropionic acid|alpha-methylpropanoic acid|alpha-isobutyric acid|a-methylpropionic acid

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
  • Global Logistics Network enabled

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Physical Properties

Melting Point -47 °C
Boiling Point 152-155 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Density 0.950 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C
Flash Point 132 °F
Appearance clear colourless liquid
Color Clear colorless
Odor at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. acidic sour cheese dairy buttery rancid
Form Liquid
Water Solubility 210 g/L (20 ºC)
Vapor Pressure 1.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.393(lit.)
pH 2.3 (500g/l, H2O, 25℃)
Log P 1.1 at 25℃

Documentation

Safety & Handling Learn More

Warning
GHS07· Irritant GHS02· Flammable GHS05· Corrosive GHS06· Toxic

Hazard Statements

H226 Flammable liquid and vapor
H301 Toxic if swallowed
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H311 Toxic in contact with skin

Precautionary Statements

P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code 29156000
UN Number 2529
ADR Class 3
Packing Group III
Storage Class 3 - Flammable liquids
WGK (Germany) 1
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