Pentanoic acid

CAS Number
109-52-4
EC Number
203-677-2
Chemical Formula
C5H10O2
Molecular Weight
102.13 g/mol
FEMA Number
FEMA 3101

Description

Pentanoic acid (CAS 109-52-4), also known as valeric acid, is a five-carbon saturated carboxylic acid used across food, fragrance, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It functions primarily as a flavoring agent and pH regulator. This versatile compound serves as a critical chemical intermediate in the synthesis of esters and active compounds. In food and beverage production, it contributes characteristic dairy and fruity top notes to flavors.

The substance is listed under FEMA 3101 for use in approved applications. Ester derivatives, particularly pentyl acetate and related compounds, are produced using this acid as a key synthesis intermediate. Pharmaceutical manufacturers use it as a precursor in the synthesis of valproic acid and other active pharmaceutical ingredients. In industrial settings, it functions as a catalyst precursor and pH-buffering agent.

It is particularly useful in organic synthesis processes where controlled acidity is required. The product is supplied as a colorless liquid in bulk quantities, intermediate IBCs, and smaller drum formats. These packaging options are suited to laboratory or pilot-scale procurement. Food-grade material conforming to FCC specifications is available for flavor and food additive applications.

Technical-grade supply is standard for industrial synthesis and catalyst preparation end uses. Our logistics network ensures reliable delivery of high-purity chemical components for diverse manufacturing requirements.

Other Names (Synonyms)

Valeric acid

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
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Physical Properties

Melting Point -34.5 °C
Boiling Point 186-187 °C
Density 0.939 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C
Flash Point 192 °F
Appearance Colorless liquid; penetrating odor and taste. Soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Undergoes reactions typical of normal monobasic organic acids. Combustible.
Color Clear colorless to pale yellow
Odor at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. sickening putrid acidic sweaty rancid
Form Liquid
Water Solubility 40 g/L (20 ºC)
Vapor Pressure 0.15 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive Index n 20/D 1.408(lit.)
pH 2.7 (40g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Log P 1.8 at 25℃

Documentation

Safety & Handling Learn More

Danger
GHS05· Corrosive GHS07· Irritant GHS06· Toxic

Hazard Statements

H227 Combustible liquid
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H311 Toxic in contact with skin
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

Precautionary Statements

P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code 29156090
UN Number 3265
ADR Class 8
Packing Group III
Storage Class 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
WGK (Germany) 1
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